Python
Reading and Writing Text Files
open() gives you a file object, with reads a file object safely, and four methods cover every text file you will ever process.
Python
A complete core Python path: syntax, data types, operators, strings, control flow, collections, functions, exceptions, files, modules, the standard library, OOP, iterators, generators, decorators, internals, concurrency, regular expressions, testing, typing, performance, security, problem solving, projects, interview preparation and exams.
110 notes in 33 topics
Topics in Python
Basics 5
Data Types 4
Operators 5
Strings 5
Control Flow 5
Lists 3
Tuples 2
Sets 2
Dictionaries 3
Comprehensions 2
Functions 4
Advanced Functions 2
Recursion 2
Exception Handling 4
File Handling 4
Modules 3
Standard Library 6
OOP 5
Advanced OOP 5
Iterators and Generators 3
Decorators 2
Context Managers 1
Descriptors and Dataclasses 2
Python Internals 4
Concurrency 4
Regular Expressions 3
Serialization 2
Command Line Python 2
Testing and Debugging 3
Type Hints 2
Performance 3
Python Security 2
DSA with Python 6
Notes
Python
File Modes and Context Managers
The mode string decides whether a file is read, written, appended or created, and whether it is treated as text or bytes. The with statement makes any...
Python
Binary Files, seek and tell
Binary mode gives you the raw bytes, and seek and tell let you move around inside a file instead of reading it from start to finish.
Python
Paths and Directories with pathlib
pathlib turns file paths into objects with methods. It replaces string joining and most of os.path, and it works the same on Windows, macOS and Linux.
Python
Modules and the import Statement
A module is a .py file. import runs it once, caches it, and binds a name. Every import form is a variation on those three steps.
Python
__name__, __main__ and Running Modules
Every module has a __name__. It is "__main__" when the file is run directly and the module name when it is imported, which is what the main guard test...
Python
Packages and __init__.py
A package is a directory of modules. __init__.py marks it and defines its public face, and relative imports let modules inside it find each other.
Python
Numbers: math, random, statistics, decimal and fractions
Five standard library modules cover every numeric need core Python has: exact maths, randomness, summary statistics, exact decimals and exact fraction...
Python
Dates and Times: datetime, time and calendar
datetime handles calendar dates and clock times, timedelta handles durations, strftime and strptime convert to and from text, and time zones are where...
Python
os, sys and the Runtime Environment
sys is about the running interpreter - arguments, streams, paths and exit. os is about the operating system - environment variables, processes and the...
Python
The collections Module
Six specialised containers that solve problems the built-in types solve awkwardly: counting, grouping, queues, records, and layered lookups.
Python
itertools and functools
itertools builds lazy iterators for combining and slicing sequences. functools transforms functions themselves - caching, partial application and redu...